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Marine desalination technology is designed for the high salt content of seawater, but not for the direct use of water equipment in the electronic industry. The technology of seawater desalination, which converts high salt content water such as seawater and brackish water into production and domestic water, has developed rapidly and unprecedentedly. At present, distillation, electrodialysis and reverse osmosis are mainly used. The desalinated water meets the national drinking water quality standard (GB5749-85), and the power supply has a wide application range (220V/60HZ, 380V/50HZ).
I. Process Principles and Technical Guidelines for Marine Seawater Desalination Equipment
1. Distillation is an ancient method, but it still occupies a dominant position because of the continuous improvement and development of technical desalination equipment. The essence of distillation and desalination process is the formation of water vapor. Its principle is similar to the formation of clouds by evaporation and heat of sea water. Clouds form rain when they are cold under certain conditions. Rain is salty with non-stainless steel mechanical filters. According to equipment distillation, steam compression distillation, multi-stage flash distillation, etc.
2. The electrodialysis method is also the exchange membrane electrodialysis method. The key technology of this method is the development of new ion exchange membranes. Ion exchange membranes are functional membranes with thickness of 0.5-1.0 mm. According to their selective permeability, they can be divided into positive ion exchange membranes (positive membranes) and negative ion exchange membranes (negative membranes). The electrodialysis method is to alternately arrange the selective permeable positive and negative membranes to form several separate compartments where seawater is desalinated, and the adjacent compartments where seawater is concentrated, fresh water and concentrated water are separated. Electrodialysis can not only desalinate seawater, but also be used as a means of water quality treatment, contributing to the reuse of sewage. In addition, this method is more and more used in the concentration, separation and purification of chemical, pharmaceutical, food and other industries. 3. Reverse osmosis, also known as ultrafiltration, is a membrane separation and desalination method which was adopted only in 1953. In this method, seawater is separated from freshwater by a semi-permeable membrane which only allows solvent to pass through and does not allow solute to pass through. In general, freshwater diffuses to the seawater side through the semi-permeable membrane, so that the liquid level on the seawater side rises gradually until a certain height stops. This process is infiltration. At this time, the static pressure of the water column on the side of the sea water is called osmotic pressure. If the external pressure on the seawater side is greater than the osmotic pressure of seawater, the pure water in seawater will reverse osmosis into fresh water.
2. Reflecting the Technical Advantages of Seawater Desalination
Distillation is mainly used in large-scale desalination and heat-rich areas. Reverse osmosis membrane method is widely used because of its wide application and high desalination rate. Our company's seawater desalination equipment is treated by reverse osmosis membrane method. Firstly, seawater is extracted and preliminarily pretreated to reduce the turbidity of seawater and prevent the growth of microorganisms such as bacteria and algae. Then, special high-pressure pump is used to pressurize seawater into reverse osmosis membrane. Because of the high salt content of seawater, seawater reverse osmosis membrane must be used. High desalination rate, corrosion resistance, high pressure resistance and pollution resistance are required. The salt content of seawater treated by reverse osmosis membrane is greatly reduced, and the water quality after desalination is even better than that of tap water.
III. Application Areas
Technology can be widely used in industry, commerce, residents, warships, scientific research vessels, engineering salvage vessels, ocean-going cargo ships, ocean-going fishing fleets, oil drilling platforms, islands, reefs and other fields.
Author: Hangzhou Water Shield Technology Co., Ltd.
Website: http://www.zjhzsd.com/
Key words: water equipment for electronic industry, desalination equipment, stainless steel mechanical filter